Composition pad for hair waving



March 17, 1925. 1,529,758

F. S. UNGER COMPOSITION PAD FOR HAIR WAVING Filed 001:. 11, 1923 a a INVENTOB Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT," OFFICE.

rnoamrcn s. enema, or NEW it, n. Y.

COMPOSITION PAD FOR HAIR WAVING.

Application filed October 11, 1923. Serial No. 667,801.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FLORENCE S. UNGER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composition Pads for Hair Waving, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates in general to an improved form of composition pad for use in treating and protecting the hair while practicing the art of permanent hairwaving, which pads are commonly known as steam pads, and the invention also relates to an improved method for making such pads.

In the art of permanently waving hair on apersons head, it is a usual practice to Wrap a strand of hair A on a rod B to protect the coiled hair with certain substances, usually a mixture of saline powders,.hereinafter referred to as a hair treating material, and then tosubject the hair toheat from an electric heater. At present the hair treating materials are conveniently contained in a cheese-cloth envelopeusually with opposite sides sewed together by stitches which pass through the pad from side to side. These stitches when run across thebody of the envelope have been utilized to prevent shifting of the composition which is usually in the form of a powder while the pad is packed for shipment and prior to being wetted for use. These stitches, however, have the disadvantage in that the sewing needle perforates the envelope, permitting the loose powder to filter therefrom, rendering the pads messy while dry and permitting the composition while wet to work out of the envelope onto the hair.

Accordingly the primary object of the invention is to provide a steam pad of the type outlined which will be simple and inexpensive to manufacture and in which the composition can be retained without leaking while in either the dry or wet condition; which will be designed to prevent shifting of the material from one portion to the other of the envelope, and which will maintain a substantially uniform coating of material over all portions of the hair enclosed by the pad.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a steam pad which can be marketed in a standard size and when cut to meet demands for a smaller size will still maintain the hair treating material spread uniformly over the cut sections.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious from an inspection of the accompanying drawings and in part will be more fully set forth in the following particular description of one form of mechanism embodying my invention, and the invention also consists in certain new and novel features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a coil of hair partially wrapped about a curling rod and with a pad constituting a preferred embodiment of my invention, partially broken from its normal flat shape in the act of wrapping the same about the coil of hair;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the pad in its original flat position and with a portion broken away to show its structural parts;

Figure 3 is an enlarged transverse sectional view taken through the pad at one of its sewed edges; and

Figure 4-. is a view similar to Figure 2 showing a modified ,form of the invention.

The pad comprises an envelope 10 of a flat rectangular form containing a flat cake 11 of a hair treating substance.

The envelope comprises one or more outer flexible layers of material with one part folded back over the other part and sewed together adjacent the three free edges by means of a line of stitching 12. Following known practices it is suggested that the envelope be formed of a relatively fine mesh fabric desi ed to prevent the sifting of the composition therethrough. In the illustrated disclosure the envelope is formed of an outer cheese-cloth layer 13 and an inner paper layer 14, it beingl understood that the stitching 12 passes t rough both of the layers 13 and 14 as shown at the left of Figure 3.

The flat composition cake 11 comprises a mixture of sodium tetraborate and sodium hyposulfite. Positioned within the cake is a' sin le layer 15 of a reinforcing fabric. In this case the fabric is preferably of an open mesh cheese-cloth designed to permit the composition to pass through the mesh openings in the act of compressing the composition as hereinafter described.

It is noted that the body of the pad'within the outline of the stitches is continuous on opposite sides, or differently expressed, is free of stitches and of needle, orpther holes which mi ht cause the composition to leak through t e envelope. There are no stitches through the body portion of the envelope. v

This portion of the pad is scored on one side by means of parallelly disposed score lines 16 three of which are shown in Figure 2. These score lines separate or substantially separate the cake into four parallel strips 17 connected by means of the remforcing fabric so that the reinforcing fabric acts as a flexible hinge or joint connecting adjacent strips. It is a feature of the disclosure to maintain a continuity of the hair treating substance about the hair and in order to prevent the entire separation of the cake along the score lines these lines are for it is most conveniently handled in this.

condition. The reinforcing layer of open meshed fabric is then positioned on top of the layer of composition and'the other portion of the envelope forming fabric is folded over'on top of the reinforcing fabric. The pad is then stitched together with edge stitching preferably with coarse stitching as shown at 12. The stitched pads are then inserted flatwise in a pressing machine, or between hand actuatin dies the-work faces of which are provide with parallel sawtooth-like projections. The pads are then compressed which has the effect of forcing the paste combination through the interstices of the opened mesh fabric and acts, in effect, to embed the fabric within the composition so that the fabric is centered or approximately centered within the composition layer as shown in Figure 3. In the finished article more or less of the combination is positioned on opposite sides of the fabric. The fabric acts to hold theeomposition and when dry there is formed a solid cake the particles of which are held, not only by the compression of the composition, but also by the reinforcing fabric. The score forming parts of the press act on the dry pads along the scored line and to wrap the pad so cracked about the coil of hair as suggested in the showingin Fig. 1. A better practice is to moisten the pad just The pads are then per prior to use and then bend the moistened pad about the hair. The scored lines define.

the lines of breakage and prevent an indiscriminate breaking of the pad with resulting possibility of the material shifting in the envelope. As the pad is wet it will not only bend about the score lines but each of the strips of composition will bend in more or less of a curve so that the pad is caused to adhere closely to the coiled hair. The material when so bent is held in place by means of the .reinforcin fabric embedded in the same, and while t e strips are freely hinged to each other there is no other bodily shifting of the material. The sides of the envelope are continuous and the possibility of loss of the powder by sifting through the sides of the pad has been eliminated and at the same time there has been retained the advantages of pliability and cheapness.

characterizing the cheese-cloth envelope commonly used in forming such pads.

As the cake is held together as a whole by the embedded fabric, it is possible, where a pad of less length is desired, to out off from the standard slze pad a portion of any desired length. Any such cut off portion will contain its proportion of the reinforcing fabric so that the portion will have all of the advantages recited for the complete pad. In forming such short-sections the pad will be cut transversely across its length, or differently expressed, across the score lines so that any cut-ofi' section will be scored and thus permit the ready breaking of the part of the original cake contained in the sec.-

tional pad.

The modified form of the invention shown in Figure 4.- resembles the preferred form herein described except that the layer of reinforcing material *15 has been omitted and the pad comprises simply the outer cheese cloth layer 13 and the inner paper layer 14. In order to prevent shifting of the powdered hair treating material it is suggested in this form that additional and transversely disposed score lines 19 be impressed in one side of the pad and disposed a set extending at an angle to the set of longitudinal lines 16. Preferably the lines of each set are parallel and extend at right angles to the lines of the other set.

The crossed score lines thus formed provide small sections 20 of the cakcd material which have little if any tendency to slip. The cross scoring holds the material in place even in the absence of the intermediate layer of fabric and it is herein suggested that even the stitching 12 may be omitted as the scoring is sufficient to hold the material in place in the envelope.

While I have shown and described, and have pointed out in the annexed claims, certain novel features of my invention, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions. and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1a In the art of preparing a pad for use in permanent hair waving, the method which consists in enclosing a layer of-hair treating paste in an envelope, positioning on the paste layer a porous fabric subjecting the pad to pressure to cause the porous fabric to become embedded in the paste and permitting the paste to dry with the fabric therein whereby said embedded fabric is caused to constitute a reinforce- I ment tending to prevent the separating of/ the particles of the resulting dry composition layer.

2-. In the art of preparing a pad for use in permanent hair waving, the method which consists in enclosing a layer of hair treating paste in an envelope, positioning on the paste layer a porous fabric, stitching the free edges of the envelope to close the same, subjecting the pad to pressure to cause the porous fabric to become embedded in the paste and permitting the paste to dry With the fabric therein whereby said embedded fabric is caused to constitute a reinforcement tending to prevent the separating of the particles of the resulting dry composition layer.

3. In the art of preparing a ad for use in permanent hair waving, t e method which consists in enclosing a layer of hair treating paste in an envelope, positioning on the paste layer a porous fabric, subjecting the pad to pressure to cause the porous fabric to become embedded in the paste and simultaneously separating or substantiall separating the pressed layer into parallax strips connected by means of the fabric embedded in the layer.

4. In the art of preparing a steam pad, the method which consists in positioning a layer of hair treating paste in an envelope, subjecting the layer simultaneously to pressure to compress the paste fiatwise and to the action of scoring means whereby the paste is formed into fiat com pressed parallel strips connected across the scored lines and then permitting the paste so treated to dry in the envelope.

In the art of preparing a steam pad for use in permanent hair waving, the method which consists in positioning a layer of hair treating paste on a part of an envelope forming fabric, positioning a )orous reinforcing fabric on the paste, fol ing another ric over on top of the porous fabric, stitching together the three free edges of-the two parts of the envelope forming fabric to enclose the paste within the envelope thus formed, compressing the paste containing envelope thus formed to cause the paste to be formed into parallel strips substantially separated from each other and with adjacent strips connected by the reinforcing fabric which thus constitutes a flexible joint between the strips.

6. A prepared pad for use in permanent hair waving, comprising a fiat'envelope containing a flat cake of frangible hair treating composition and stitched about its free edges to enclose the composition cake within the envelope, said composition cake within the envelope being grooved thereby to form the same into parallel strips substantially separated from each other.

7. A prepared pad for use in permanent hair waving, comprising a fiat envelope con taining a hair treating composition and stitched about itsfree edges to enclose the composition withinthe envelope, said composition within the envelope being formed into parallel strips substantially separated from each other and a fabric embedded in the composition and constituting a flexible connection between adj accnt strips.

8. A steam pad comprising an envelope, a plurality of cakes of a hair treating composition contained in the envelope and a fabric embedded in the composition providing a. hinge connection between the cakes and constituting a reinforcement for each individual cake of composition.

9. A steam pad comprising an envelope, a hair treating composition contained in the envelope, said cake and envelope having grooves impressed therein while the composition of said cake is in a moist and substantially plastic condition.

10. A pad for use in the art of permanent halr wavmgcomprising a plurality of flat parallel cakes of a hair treating composition and a sheet of flexible fabric embedded in and providing a hinge connection between adjacent cakes.

II. A pad for use in the art of permanent hair waving comprising a plurality of flat part of the piece of envelope foirming fabparallel cakes of a hair treating com osition, 1n and a sheet of flexible fabric embedde providin a hinge connection between adacent ca es and an envelope enclosing said cakes. H

12. A pad for use in the art of permanent hair waving comprising a plurality of fiat parallel cakes of a hair treating composition, a sheet of flexible fabric embedded in and providing a hinge connection between adjacent cakes and an envelope enclosing said cakes, opposite sides ofsaid envelope being stitched adjacent its edges and each side constituting a continuous sheet free of stitches within the outlines of the stitches at the edges. 7

13. A pad comprising a sheet of fabric bent back on itself to form opposing fiat sides, a line of stitching about the three free edges to close the envelope thus formed and a iiat frangible cake of hair treating material contained within the envelope, one side of said cake having grooves impressed therein while its composition is in a moist and substantially plastic'condition.

14. In a device of the class described,ran

outer envelope of relatively fine mesh fabric,

a frangible cake of hair treating material contained in the envelope, said cake having embedded therein a layer of a relatively open mesh fabric constituting a binder asslstmg to secure said material in its cake form anif to revent the cake from crumbling and sai cake,having.impressed on one side thereof a series of parallel ooves to form the cakeinto strips perxmtting the bendin of the cake.

16. 1 steam pad including an envelope stitched together adjacent certain edges and being freev of stitches within the outline of said edge stitches, a cake of hair treating material contained in' said envelope and means tending to prevent shifting of the material forming the cake.

17. In' a device for use in waving hair, a fabric envelope, a hair' treating substance contained in the envelope, impregnating the same and acting to stiffen the same, said envelope having grooves impressed therein while moist.

'18. A steam pad for use in permanent hair waving comprising a containing envelope, a hair treating material contained in the envelope and said pad rovided on one side with score lines crossing each other at an angle. 7

19. A steam pad for use in permanent hair Waving and including a cake of hair treating substance, said pad provided with two sets of parallel score lines, the lines of one set extending substantially at right an les to the lines of'the other set.

igned at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 8th day of September, A. D 1923.

FLORENCE S. 'UNGER.

Witness SARA A. Tnonm'on. 

